Thyroid Gland and Tissues
http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio202/thyro/thyroid.htm                

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Subject:  Objectives

Chapter 9 Objectives

The Endocrine System and Hormone Function - An Overview (pp. 266-269)

Define hormone and target organ.

Describe how hormones bring about their effects in the body.

Explain how various endocrine glands are stimulated to release their hormonal products.

Define negative feedback and describe its role in regulating blood levels of the various hormones.

Describe the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands.

The Major Endocrine Organs (pp. 269-285)

On an appropriate diagram, identify the major endocrine glands and tissues.

List hormones produced by the endocrine glands and discuss their general functions.

Discuss ways in which hormones promote body homeostasis by giving examples of hormonal actions.

Describe the functional relationship between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.

Describe major pathologic consequences of hypersecretion and hyposecretion of the hormones considered in this chapter.

Other Hormone-Producing Tissues and Organs (p. 285)

Indicate the endocrine role of the kidneys, the stomach and intestine, the heart, and the placenta.

Developmental Aspects of the Endocrine System (pp. 285 and 288)

Describe the effect of aging on the endocrine system and body homeostasis.       

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Subject:  Outline Framework

Chapter 9 - The Endocrine System

THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND HORMONE FUNCTION - AN OVERVIEW (pp. 266-269)

Chemistry of Hormones

Mechanisms of Hormone Action

Control of Hormone Release

Hormonal Stimuli

Humoral Stimuli

Neural Stimuli

THE MAJOR ENDOCRINE ORGANS (pp. 269-285)

Pituitary Gland (pp. 269-274)

Hormones of the Anterior Pituitary

Growth Hormone (GH)

Prolactin (PRL)

Thyrotropic Hormone (TH)

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Gonadotropic Hormones

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Interstitial Cell-Stimulating Hormone (ICSH)

Pituitary-Hypothalamus Relationship

Hormones of the Posterior Pituitary

Oxytocin

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Thyroid Gland (pp. 274-276)

Thyroid Hormone

Calcitonin

Parathyroid Glands (pp. 276-277)

Adrenal Glands (pp. 277-280)

Hormones of the Adrenal Cortex

Mineralocorticoids

Glucocorticoids

Sex Hormones

Hormones of the Adrenal Medulla

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Pancreatic Islets (pp. 280-282)

Insulin

Glucagon

Pineal Gland (p. 282)

Thymus (p. 282)

Gonads (pp. 284-285)

Hormones of the Ovaries

Estrogens

Progesterone

Hormones of the Testes

Androgens

OTHER HORMONE-PRODUCING TISSUES AND ORGANS (p. 285)

Placenta (p. 285)

DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECTS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (p. 285-288)         

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Document

Subject:  Terms: Endocrine Sx (266~285)

The Endocrine System

pp. 266~285

hormones

prostaglandins

target cells

target organs

negative feedback mechanisms

ductless glands

pituitary gland

anterior pituitary gland

trophic hormones

growth hormones (GH)

prolactin (PRL)

adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)

thyroid-stimulaing hormone (TSH) = thyrotropic hormone (TH)

gonadotrophic hormones

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

luteinizing hormone (LH)

corpus luteum

interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)

releasing hormones

inhibiting hormones

neurosecretory cells

posterior pituitary gland

oxygocin

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

vasopressin

thyroid gland

thyroid hormone

thyroxine (T4)

triiodothyronine (T3)

goiters

calcitonin

parathyroid glands

parathyroid hormone (PTH) = parathormone

adrenal glands

adrenal cortex

corticosteroids

mineralocorticoids

aldosterone

renin

glucocorticoids

cortisone

cortisol

sex hormones

androgens

estrogens

Cushing’s syndrome

adrenal medulla

epinephrine

norepinephrine

catecholamines

pancreas

pancreatic islets

glucagon

insulin

diabetes mellitus

alpha cells

pineal gland

melatonin

thymus

thymosin

gonads

ovaries

estrogens

estrone

estradiol

Graafian  follicles

progesterone

corpus luteum

testes

androgens

testosterone

interstitial cells

placenta

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

hormones from other organs

prostaglandins

gastrin

intestinal gastrin

secretin

cholecystokinin

erythropoietin

active vitamin D3

atrial natrieutic peptide (ANP)

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Document

Subject:  The Major Endocrine Glands

Adrenal Glands          Divided into 2 regions; secrete hormones that influence the body’s metabolism, blood chemicals, and body characteristics, as well as influence the part of the nervous system that is involved in the response and defense against stress.     

Hypothalamus            Activates and controls the part of the nervous system that controls involuntary body functions, the hormonal system, and many body functions, such as regulating sleep and stimulating appetite.          

Ovaries and Testicles            Secrete hormones that influence female and male characteristics, respectively.  

Pancreas         Secretes a hormone (insulin) that controls the use of glucose by the body.           

Parathyroid Glands    Secrete a hormone that maintains the calcium level in the blood.   

Pineal Body    Involved with daily biological cycles.    

Pituitary Gland           Produces a number of different hormones that influence various other endocrine glands.

Thymus Gland            Plays a role in the body’s immune system.           

Thyroid Gland            Produces hormones that stimulate body heat production, bone growth, and the body’s metabolism.      

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Document

Subject:  Vocabulary Games and Drills

Quia! Site: flash cards, games,  drills, and simulations to help you learn vocabulary terms, prefixes, suffixes, etc.

http://www.quia.com/med.html

There are 35 different games to help you practice terms

anatomic directions and body positions

blood and immunity

body cavities and body regions

body structure

cardiovascular and lymphatic systems

cells, tissues and organs

directional terms

disease

drugs

integmentary system

musculoskeletal system

respiration

suffixes and plural endings

urology

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Document

Subject:  WebLinks

Anatomy and Physiology for High School

http://www.msms.doe.k12.ms.us/biology/anatomy/apmain.html

An Anatomy and Physiology site aimed at high school students.  Click on the appropriate organ system for hyperlinked text and animations.  This site is very easy to understand and use.

Anatomy and Physiology Home Page

An online class/tutorial on anatomy and physiology from Springfield Technical Community College

http://lls.stcc.mass.edu/tamarkin/APhome.htm

Scroll Down and click on the appropriate unit

Good text explantions and diagrams

General Biology II at the University of Cinncinnatti

The BUGLADY Site

http://buglady.clc.uc.edu/biology/bio105/carter.htm

Go to ClassNotes and then to the appropriate unit.

A simple and clear introduction to tissues and organ systems

Good diagrams!