Water and Solutions


Chapter Objectives
At the end of this unit students will be able to
1.  explain the high surface tension and low vapor pressure of water int erms of the structure of the water molecule and hydrogen bonding.
2.  describe the structure of ice.
3.  distinguish between a solvent and a solute.
4.  describe what happens in the solution process.
5.  demonstrate how the forumla for a hydrate is written.
6.  distinguish between a suspension and a solution.
7.  identify factors that determine the rate at which a solute dissolves.
8.  identify factors that determine the mass of a solute that will dissolve in a given mass of a solute.
9.  solve problems involving the molarity of a solution.
10.  identify 3 colligative properties of solutions.

Key Terms
aqueous solution
Brownian motion
colloid
electrolyte
emulsion
hydrate
nonelectrolyte
solute
solvation
solvent
strong electrolyte
surfactant
suspension
surface tension
Tyndall effect
weak electrolyte
boiling point elevation
concentrated solution
concentration
colligative properties
dilute solution
freezing point depression
Henry's law
immisible
miscible
molality (m)
molarity (M)
mole fraction
saturated solution
solubility
supersaturated solution
unsaturated solution